Focus groups felt like the most appropriate method for this project because they allow shared meanings and experiences to emerge through conversation. Rather than extracting individual opinions, focus groups create space for collective discussion. As Wilkinson (1998) describes, focus groups are informal discussions structured around a topic selected by the researcher. What makes them powerful is the interaction itself. Participants respond not only to questions, but to each other.
Krueger and Casey (2015) emphasise that focus groups are particularly useful in educational research because they reveal how attitudes and beliefs are formed, challenged, and negotiated. This was important for a topic like manga and anime, where legitimacy and value are socially constructed.
My aim is to not to reach some sort of agreement, but bring to light issues or gaps in knowledge regarding the topic. I invited Illustration and Visual Media tutors because I teach with them, they are directly engaged with the curriculum and teaching material, whether institutionally or informally.
Although the concept of power between tutors should be seen as equal, each tutor has their own practice and lived experience regarding creativity, this is something I need to bare in mind. Also as the moderator I have to remain aware of how my presence shapes the discussion. I understand I have a bias and this can lead to me affecting the results of the focus group, so trying to stay neutral while asking questions and listening is vital. Also, ethical considerations around confidentiality, disclosure, and group dynamics were central. Focus groups can encourage openness, but they can also silence voices if not carefully moderated.
Regarding the subject matter, I understand that particular themes such as violence, sexual content, drugs and perceived immaturity will be brought up, this is something that I must warn all participants of before discussing the topic. These concerns are things that have been brought to my attention many times since starting the ARP and this might echo the institutions anxieties surrounding manga and anime.
This will be might first time leading a focus group or taking part in an academic research project I believe in and as Wilkinson notes (1998), thinking is a social activity. Observing that process helps clarify what kind of support tutors might actually need in regards to this art form.